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The right and left atria are on the low pressure side of the heart. The lower workload results in thinner walls than in the ventricles (compare with MH 070 Heart).
Right Atrium - receives venous blood from the systemic circulation. Pectinate muscles (bundles of muscle that protrude from the surface) are common in the right atrium.
The wall of the right atrium is composed of three layers:
Endocardium - inner surface of a simple squamous epithelium (endothelium) supported by a thin layer of dense irregular connective tissue
Myocardium - thickest, middle layer of cardiac muscle responsible for the pumping action of the heart. It also contains blood vessels, nerves and adipose cells
Epicardium - outer surface of mesothelial cells supported by dense irregular connective tissue
Left Atrium - receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The wall of left atrium is composed of three layers:
Endocardium - thick in this part of the atrium - has three sublayers:
Endothelium - innermost layer of simple squamous epithelium (endothelium)
Myocardium - thickest, middle layer of the heart wall
Epicardium - outer surface of mesothelial cells (mostly missing on this specimen) supported by dense irregular connective tissue. An inner layer of loose adipose connective tissue is also found in some areas.
